Navigating VAT in Ghana

This guide provides an overview of VAT in Ghana, including applicable rates, registration requirements, compliance obligations, and filing deadlines. It is designed for businesses engaging in transactions within Ghana.

Last Updated: May 2025

1998

Ghana was one of the first African countries to introduce VAT (1998), after an earlier failed attempt in 1995.

Ghana at a glance.

Standard rate

15% VAT

Digital services VAT

Yes, at 15%

Mandate e-invoicing

Yes

Currency

Ghanaian Cedi (GHS)

Zero-rated items

Zero-rated treatment applies to exports, certain supplies linked to international transport, and specific locally manufactured or assembled goods.

VAT format

11 Alphanumeric characters

Fiscal representation

Non-residents may appoint a representative. The tax office may designate a person as a representative of a taxable person if deemed necessary.

e-invoicing in Ghana.
Summary of the mandate in this country

B2G mandate in place

Yes

B2B mandate in place

Yes

B2C mandate in place

No

Obligation status: B2B e-Invoicing

Historic

B2B e-Invoicing model

N/A

Name of exchange infrastructure

N/A

Format(s) used

N/A

FAQs

In most cases, no. Ghana does not have a broad foreign VAT refund scheme. Refunds for non-residents are limited to very specific scenarios (e.g., diplomatic missions).

Businesses whose annual taxable supplies exceed the threshold set by the GRA must register.
Voluntary registration is allowed for businesses below the threshold if they meet compliance conditions.

Registration is completed through the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) by submitting the required business documents, including the certificate of incorporation, Tax Identification Number (TIN), and business operating permit. Once these documents are reviewed and approved, the GRA issues a VAT registration certificate.

Nearby countries.

Explore indirect tax information in these countries:

Nigeria
Canary Islands
South Africa

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